Though a self-limiting condition, it may take weeks to resolve especially in immunosuppressed individuals. Ltd, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Indiaīackground: Herpes Zoster also known as Shingles, is a unilateral, painful vesicular condition, resulting from reactivation of the latent chicken pox (Varicella-Zoster) virus, present dormant in sensory ganglion of cranial nerves or dorsal root ganglion of spinal nerves. Kiran.M 1, Madhusudhan.B 2, Pujita.B 2 1Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Bharath University (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Surgery, BRS Hospitals Pvt. Our method also showed similar performance as compared to external live dengue virus. The siRNAs showed almost no toxicity compared to the scrambled siRNA.Ĭonclusion: We demonstrate a rapid method to design, test and construct a repertoire of chemically modified siRNAs as antivirals without the use of live viruses or biosafety facilities. Also, the two siRNAs from earlier studies (for external validation) showed similar silencing efficacies. Results: The designed siRNAs and their combinations performed according to their prediction efficacies. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tuckey post hoc test using R. We tested the knockdown efficacy of siRNAs at three concentrations, their combinations and their toxicity using MTT assay in HeLa cells.
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We cloned these genes in PsiCheck-TM2 plasmid and used dual luciferase assay for knockdown efficacy screening of the siRNAs. The siRNAs were further chemically modified with deoxy-nucleotide at the two 3′overhangs. We selected eleven siRNAs (si1 to si11) based on different criteria like varying inhibition efficacy, off targets and different genomic regions (5′-Untranslated region, Capsid, Pre-Membrane, Envelope and 3′-Untranslated region). Methods: We employed virus specific computational algorithms (VIRsiRNApred and SMEpred) for siRNA designing against dengue virus (DENV2) genome. The siRNAs are one of the natural antivirals and some of them are already FDA approved (Patisiran). For example, dengue is emerging as global health problem affecting around 400 million people per year and nearly half of world population at its infection risk. Virology Discovery Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chandigarh, Indiaīackground: Viral infections have a massive negative impact worldwide as evident from recent outbreaks. All Ralstonia sp isolated showed resistant pattern for nitrofurantoin, one of the antibiotic commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. All the gram negative isolates were resistant to nitrofurantoin used to treat UTI.Ĭonclusion: Gram negative organisms and exotic gram negative pathogens are most often associated with hospital acquired UTIs. Among these 16/39 urine samples and 17/60 environmental samples were positive for gram negative bacilli. Results: A total of 40 clinical samples (39 urine and 1blood) and 60 environmental samples were collected.
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Bacterial isolates which could not be confirmed by basic phenotypic techniques were identified by using automated bacterial identification system (VITEK-2, Biomerieux) and their antibiogram was noted. Methods: Basic microbiological techniques were used to screen the clinical and hospital environmental specimens for gram negative bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by standard disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. This study aims to analyse the gram negative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility profile from various clinical and environmental samples (blood, urine, IV and fomites) from an urban multi-speciality hospital in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India using standard protocols and the data discussed.
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Infections related with exotic pathogens are often reported in mechanically ventilated patients particularly associated with those who are immunocompromised. Impact of gram negative organisms on clinical disease is well known but exotic bacterial pathogens such as Ralstonia sp are lesser known members of this group. Reenaa Muthu 1, Gayathri Devanandan 1, Lalitha Kameswari Sankaranarayanan 1, Parthiban Rudrapathy 2 1Department of Microbiology, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India 2Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery, Kerala, Indiaīackground: Despite the impressive range of therapies available for treating patients in intensive care, bacterial infections continue to be the major challenge worldwide.